Modern MVC Framework Architecture Design

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# 1. Framework Overview

Dit is een modern MVC framework ontwerp met enterprise-level functionaliteiten, gebaseerd op bewezen design patterns en best practices uit frameworks zoals ASP.NET Core, Laravel, en Spring Boot.

# Core Principes

  • Separation of Concerns: Duidelijke scheiding tussen presentatie, business logic en data
  • Dependency Injection: Loose coupling en testbaarheid
  • Plugin Architecture: Uitbreidbaarheid via modulaire plugins
  • Middleware Pipeline: Request/Response verwerking met interceptors
  • Repository Pattern: Data abstractie laag
  • Domain-Driven Design: Business logic centralisatie

# 2. High-Level Architecture

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    HTTP REQUEST                              │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│                 Web Server                                  │
│              (Apache/Nginx/IIS)                             │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│                Framework Entry Point                        │
│                  (Application)                              │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│                Middleware Pipeline                          │
│    Auth │ CORS │ Logging │ Rate Limiting │ Custom          │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    Router                                   │
│              Route Resolution                               │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│                  Controller                                 │
│               (Business Logic)                              │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│               Service Layer                                 │
│            (Domain Business Logic)                          │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│              Repository Layer                               │
│              (Data Access)                                  │
└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
                      │
┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
│                 Database                                    │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

# 3. Directory Structure

/MyFramework
├── /Core                           # Framework kern
│   ├── /Application               
│   │   ├── Application.php
│   │   ├── ServiceProvider.php
│   │   └── Bootstrap.php
│   ├── /Container                 # DI Container
│   │   ├── Container.php
│   │   ├── ServiceDefinition.php
│   │   └── ContainerInterface.php
│   ├── /Http                      # HTTP componenten
│   │   ├── Request.php
│   │   ├── Response.php
│   │   ├── JsonResponse.php
│   │   └── RedirectResponse.php
│   ├── /Routing                   # Router systeem
│   │   ├── Router.php
│   │   ├── Route.php
│   │   ├── RouteCollection.php
│   │   └── RouteResolver.php
│   ├── /Middleware               # Middleware systeem
│   │   ├── MiddlewareInterface.php
│   │   ├── MiddlewareStack.php
│   │   └── /Built-in
│   └── /Security                 # Security componenten
│       ├── /Authentication
│       ├── /Authorization
│       └── /CSRF
├── /MVC                          # MVC componenten
│   ├── /Controller
│   │   ├── BaseController.php
│   │   ├── ControllerInterface.php
│   │   └── ControllerResolver.php
│   ├── /Model
│   │   ├── BaseModel.php
│   │   ├── ModelInterface.php
│   │   └── ActiveRecord.php
│   └── /View
│       ├── ViewEngine.php
│       ├── ViewInterface.php
│       └── TemplateEngine.php
├── /Database                     # Database laag
│   ├── /Repository
│   │   ├── RepositoryInterface.php
│   │   ├── BaseRepository.php
│   │   └── EloquentRepository.php
│   ├── /Connection
│   │   ├── DatabaseManager.php
│   │   └── ConnectionInterface.php
│   └── /Query
│       ├── QueryBuilder.php
│       └── QueryInterface.php
├── /Domain                       # Domain laag
│   ├── /Services
│   │   ├── ServiceInterface.php
│   │   └── BaseService.php
│   ├── /Entities
│   │   ├── EntityInterface.php
│   │   └── BaseEntity.php
│   └── /ValueObjects
├── /Plugin                       # Plugin systeem
│   ├── PluginManager.php
│   ├── PluginInterface.php
│   ├── PluginRegistry.php
│   └── /Events
└── /Config                       # Configuratie
    ├── ConfigManager.php
    ├── ConfigInterface.php
    └── /Loaders

# 4. Complete Klassen Diagram

classDiagram
    %% Core Application
    class Application {
        -Container container
        -Router router
        -MiddlewareStack middlewareStack
        -ConfigManager config
        -PluginManager pluginManager
        +run() void
        +registerServiceProvider(ServiceProvider) void
        +registerPlugin(Plugin) void
        +handle(Request) Response
    }

    %% HTTP Layer
    class Request {
        -array headers
        -array parameters
        -array body
        -string method
        -string uri
        +getHeader(string) string
        +getParameter(string) mixed
        +getBody() array
        +getMethod() string
        +getUri() string
        +isPost() bool
        +isGet() bool
    }

    class Response {
        -int statusCode
        -array headers
        -string content
        +setStatusCode(int) void
        +setHeader(string, string) void
        +setContent(string) void
        +send() void
    }

    class JsonResponse {
        -array data
        +setData(array) void
        +toJson() string
    }

    %% Routing
    class Router {
        -RouteCollection routes
        -Container container
        +get(string, callable) Route
        +post(string, callable) Route
        +put(string, callable) Route
        +delete(string, callable) Route
        +resolve(Request) RouteMatch
        +dispatch(Request) Response
    }

    class Route {
        -string method
        -string pattern
        -callable handler
        -array middleware
        -array parameters
        +match(Request) bool
        +getHandler() callable
        +getMiddleware() array
    }

    class RouteCollection {
        -array routes
        +add(Route) void
        +find(string, string) Route
        +all() array
    }

    %% Middleware
    class MiddlewareInterface {
        <<interface>>
        +handle(Request, callable) Response
    }

    class MiddlewareStack {
        -array middleware
        +add(MiddlewareInterface) void
        +handle(Request) Response
        -next(Request, int) Response
    }

    class AuthenticationMiddleware {
        -AuthenticationService authService
        +handle(Request, callable) Response
    }

    class AuthorizationMiddleware {
        -AuthorizationService authzService
        +handle(Request, callable) Response
    }

    %% MVC Components
    class BaseController {
        -Container container
        -Request request
        -Response response
        -ViewEngine viewEngine
        +setContainer(Container) void
        +render(string, array) Response
        +json(array) JsonResponse
        +redirect(string) RedirectResponse
        +validate(array, array) bool
    }

    class ControllerInterface {
        <<interface>>
        +handle(Request) Response
    }

    class ViewEngine {
        -string templatePath
        -array data
        +render(string, array) string
        +assign(string, mixed) void
        +exists(string) bool
    }

    %% Domain Layer
    class BaseService {
        -Container container
        -array repositories
        +setContainer(Container) void
        +getRepository(string) RepositoryInterface
    }

    class ServiceInterface {
        <<interface>>
        +execute(array) mixed
    }

    class BaseEntity {
        -array attributes
        -array original
        -bool exists
        +getAttribute(string) mixed
        +setAttribute(string, mixed) void
        +toArray() array
        +save() bool
        +delete() bool
    }

    %% Repository Pattern
    class RepositoryInterface {
        <<interface>>
        +find(int) EntityInterface
        +findBy(array) array
        +create(array) EntityInterface
        +update(int, array) bool
        +delete(int) bool
        +all() array
    }

    class BaseRepository {
        -DatabaseManager db
        -string table
        -string model
        +find(int) EntityInterface
        +findBy(array) array
        +create(array) EntityInterface
        +update(int, array) bool
        +delete(int) bool
        +query() QueryBuilder
    }

    %% Database Layer
    class DatabaseManager {
        -array connections
        -string defaultConnection
        +connection(string) ConnectionInterface
        +query() QueryBuilder
        +table(string) QueryBuilder
        +transaction(callable) mixed
    }

    class QueryBuilder {
        -string table
        -array wheres
        -array selects
        -array joins
        +select(array) QueryBuilder
        +where(string, mixed) QueryBuilder
        +join(string, string) QueryBuilder
        +get() array
        +first() array
        +insert(array) bool
        +update(array) bool
        +delete() bool
    }

    %% DI Container
    class Container {
        -array bindings
        -array instances
        -array aliases
        +bind(string, callable) void
        +singleton(string, callable) void
        +instance(string, object) void
        +resolve(string) mixed
        +make(string, array) mixed
        +has(string) bool
    }

    class ServiceProvider {
        -Container container
        +register(Container) void
        +boot(Container) void
        +provides() array
    }

    %% Security
    class AuthenticationService {
        -UserRepository userRepo
        -SessionManager session
        +authenticate(string, string) bool
        +login(User) void
        +logout() void
        +user() User
        +check() bool
        +guest() bool
    }

    class AuthorizationService {
        -RoleRepository roleRepo
        -PermissionRepository permRepo
        +can(string, mixed) bool
        +cannot(string, mixed) bool
        +authorize(string, mixed) void
        +roles(User) array
        +permissions(User) array
    }

    %% Plugin System
    class PluginManager {
        -array plugins
        -Container container
        -EventDispatcher events
        +register(PluginInterface) void
        +boot() void
        +unregister(string) void
        +isRegistered(string) bool
        +all() array
    }

    class PluginInterface {
        <<interface>>
        +getName() string
        +getVersion() string
        +register(Container) void
        +boot(Container) void
        +dependencies() array
    }

    %% Configuration
    class ConfigManager {
        -array config
        -array loaders
        +load(string) void
        +get(string, mixed) mixed
        +set(string, mixed) void
        +has(string) bool
        +all() array
    }

    %% Relationships
    Application --> Container
    Application --> Router
    Application --> MiddlewareStack
    Application --> ConfigManager
    Application --> PluginManager

    Router --> RouteCollection
    Router --> Container
    RouteCollection --> Route

    MiddlewareStack --> MiddlewareInterface
    AuthenticationMiddleware ..|> MiddlewareInterface
    AuthorizationMiddleware ..|> MiddlewareInterface

    BaseController ..|> ControllerInterface
    BaseController --> Container
    BaseController --> ViewEngine

    BaseService ..|> ServiceInterface
    BaseService --> Container
    BaseService --> RepositoryInterface

    BaseRepository ..|> RepositoryInterface
    BaseRepository --> DatabaseManager
    BaseRepository --> QueryBuilder

    DatabaseManager --> QueryBuilder

    Container --> ServiceProvider

    PluginManager --> PluginInterface
    PluginManager --> Container

    Response <|-- JsonResponse
    BaseEntity ..|> EntityInterface

# 5. Design Patterns Gebruikt

# 5.1 Dependency Injection Container

  • Pattern: Dependency Injection, Inversion of Control
  • Implementatie: Service Container met auto-wiring
  • Voordelen: Loose coupling, testbaarheid, configurability

# 5.2 Repository Pattern

  • Pattern: Repository, Data Mapper
  • Implementatie: Interface-based repositories met query builders
  • Voordelen: Data abstractie, testbaarheid, database agnostiek

# 5.3 Middleware Pattern

  • Pattern: Chain of Responsibility, Decorator
  • Implementatie: Request/Response pipeline met middleware stack
  • Voordelen: Cross-cutting concerns, modulair, herbruikbaar

# 5.4 Plugin Architecture

  • Pattern: Plugin, Strategy, Observer
  • Implementatie: Event-driven plugin systeem met dependency management
  • Voordelen: Uitbreidbaarheid, modulariteit, third-party integratie

# 5.5 MVC Pattern

  • Pattern: Model-View-Controller, Front Controller
  • Implementatie: Clean separation met service layer
  • Voordelen: Separation of concerns, maintainability, scalability

# 6. Implementatie Roadmap

# Fase 1: Core Foundation (Week 1-2)

  1. HTTP Request/Response systeem
  2. Basic DI Container
  3. Simple Router
  4. Application bootstrap

# Fase 2: MVC Implementation (Week 3-4)

  1. Controller base classes
  2. View engine implementatie
  3. Model/Entity system
  4. Basic middleware support

# Fase 3: Advanced Features (Week 5-6)

  1. Repository implementatie
  2. Service layer
  3. Authentication/Authorization
  4. Database query builder

# Fase 4: Plugin System (Week 7-8)

  1. Plugin manager
  2. Event system
  3. Configuration management
  4. Advanced middleware

# Fase 5: Testing & Documentation (Week 9-10)

  1. Unit tests voor alle componenten
  2. Integration tests
  3. Performance optimalisatie
  4. Documentatie en voorbeelden

# 7. Key Features Samenvatting

  • Modern PHP: PHP 8.0+ met type declarations en attributes
  • PSR Compliance: PSR-4, PSR-7, PSR-11, PSR-15 compatible
  • Database Agnostic: Ondersteuning voor MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQLite
  • Template Engine: Eigen template engine met inheritance
  • Security: CSRF protection, XSS prevention, SQL injection prevention
  • Performance: Lazy loading, caching, optimized autoloading
  • Testing: PHPUnit integration, mocking support
  • CLI Support: Console commands en Artisan-style CLI
  • Validation: Comprehensive validation system
  • Localization: Multi-language support
  • Logging: PSR-3 compatible logging
  • Session Management: Secure session handling
  • File Storage: Abstracted file storage system

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